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LINUX系统中网络配置详解[7]

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4. 超级守候进程inetd的配置
  在linux系统中有一个超级守候进程inetd,inetd监听由文件/etc/services指定的服务的端口,inetd根据网络连接请求,调用相应的服务进程来相应请求.在这里有两个文件十分重要,/etc/inetd.conf和/etc/services,文件/etc/services定义linu系统中所有服务的名称,协议类型,服务的端口等等信息,/etc/inetd.conf是inetd的配置文件,由它来指定那些服务可以由inetd来监听,以及相应的服务进程的调用命令.首先介绍一下/etc/services文件,/etc/services文件是一个服务名和服务端口对应的数据库文件,如下面所示:
# /etc/services:
# $Id: services,v 1.4 2000/01/23 21:03:36 notting Exp $
#
# Network services, Internet style
#
# Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known
# port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, most entries here have two entries
# even if the protocol doesn\'t support UDP operations.
# Updated from RFC 1700, ``Assigned Numbers\'\' (October 1994). Not all ports
# are included, only the more common ones.
#名称    端口/协议     别名        注释
tcpmux    1/tcp                # TCP port service multiplexer
echo     7/tcp
echo     7/udp
discard   9/tcp      sink null
discard   9/udp      sink null
systat   11/tcp      users
daytime   13/tcp
daytime   13/udp
netstat   15/tcp
qotd     17/tcp      quote
msp     18/tcp                 # message send protocol
msp     18/udp                 # message send protocol
chargen   19/tcp     ttytst source
chargen   19/udp     ttytst source
ftp-data   20/tcp
ftp     21/tcp
fsp    21/udp      fspd
ssh     22/tcp                 # SSH Remote Login Protocol
ssh    22/udp                 # SSH Remote Login Protocol
telnet   23/tcp
# 24 - private
smtp    25/tcp      mail
# 26 - unassigned
time    37/tcp     timserver
time    37/udp      timserver
rlp     39/udp      resource         # resource location
nameserver 42/tcp      name           # IEN 116
whois    43/tcp      nicname
re-mail-ck  50/tcp                  # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
re-mail-ck 50/udp                   # Remote Mail Checking Protocol
domain    53/tcp     nameserver         # name-domain server
domain   53/udp     nameserver
mtp     57/tcp                   # deprecated
bootps    67/tcp                   # BOOTP server
bootps    67/udp
bootpc    68/tcp                   # BOOTP client
bootpc    68/udp
tftp     69/udp
gopher    70/tcp # Internet Gopher
gopher    70/udp
rje     77/tcp netrjs
finger    79/tcp
www     80/tcp     http             # WorldWideWeb HTTP
www     80/udp                    # HyperText Transfer Protocol
link     87/tcp     ttylink
kerberos   88/tcp     kerberos5 krb5        # Kerberos v5
kerberos   88/udp     kerberos5 krb5        # Kerberos v5
supdup   95/tcp
# 100 - reserved
hostnames  101/tcp     hostname           # usually from sri-nic
iso-tsap  102/tcp     tsap             # part of ISODE.
csnet-ns  105/tcp     cso-ns             # also used by CSO name server
csnet-ns  105/udp     cso-ns
rtelnet   107/tcp                    # Remote Telnet
rtelnet   107/udp
pop2     109/tcp    pop-2 postoffice        # POP version 2
pop2     109/udp    pop-2
pop3     110/tcp    pop-3              # POP version 3
pop3     110/udp    pop-3
sunrpc    111/tcp   portmapper            # RPC 4.0 portmapper TCP
sunrpc    111/udp   portmapper            # RPC 4.0 portmapper UDP
auth     113/tcp   authentication tap ident
sftp     115/tcp
uucp-path   117/tcp
nntp     119/tcp    readnews untp          # USENET News Transfer Protocol
ntp      123/tcp
ntp      123/udp                   # Network Time Protocol
netbios-ns   137/tcp                   # NETBIOS Name Service
netbios-ns   137/udp
netbios-dgm   138/tcp                   # NETBIOS Datagram Service
netbios-dgm   138/udp
netbios-ssn   139/tcp                   # NETBIOS session service
netbios-ssn   139/udp
imap2      143/tcp   imap               # Interim Mail Access Proto v2
imap2      143/udp   imap

(实际上,以上仅仅是/etc/services的一部分,限于篇幅没有全部写出)
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