新兴开放源码J2EE应用平台
类别: JAVA教程 
新兴开放源码J2EE应用平台注：这是两年前写的了，现在jbuilder已经用2005了，JBoss也用4。x了，mysql也用5.0了，新的功能所能实现的功能毫无疑问不止这些，有时间再补上！一．平台架构描述本平台由三部分组成，开发环境、应用服务器环境和数据存储环境；1． J2EE开发环境JBuilder 7 企业版配合JBoss 3.0.0，开发环境配置如下：a) 配置数据库连接驱动，我们使用MySql, 因此需要配置mysql_odbc或mysql_jdbc，其中如果使用jdbc的话，需要建立新的库，此库包含了mysql_jdbc驱动，并把该库加入到项目库中；b) 配置JBoss的JBuider 7插件（配合插图）： i. 首先把插件打包文件拷贝到JBuider 7/lib/ext目录中； ii. 启动JBuilder, 在工具菜单中选择配置服务器； iii. 从服务器列表中选择JBoss 3x； iv. 然后选中“启用服务器”复选框； v. 选择JBoss的安装目录，此时切换到“定制页”； vi. 选择JBoss的起始目录和工作目录，最后确认提交； vii. 并重启JBuilder，在项目属性里配置自己需要的服务器：其中，运行时服务器为Tomcat 4.0，项目服务器为不同模块服务对应不同的服务器；2． J2EE应用服务器应用服务器有三个模块组成：JBoss 3.0.0, Tomcat 4.0.3, Apache 2.0.4;c) JBoss主要提供EJB等企业级组件和其他相关服务，其配置如下： i. 首先，要配置java 1.4.1平台，即设置Java_home和classpath; ii. 其次，解压JBoss（内嵌Tomcat 4）到特定文件夹；d) 配置阿帕奇到tomcat的连接： i. 修改apache的配置文件httpd.confListen *:80(在所有地址上监听80端口)ServerName ApacheDirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.html.en index.jsp（添加自己需要的目录起始文件名）DefaultType application/octet-stream（使服务器可以处多种类型的文档）AddDefaultCharset GB2312（自己需要的响应缺省字符集） ServerName Apache DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm index.shtml index.html.en index.jsp（目录起始文件名） ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common（虚拟主机）Include D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.conf（包含mod_jk的配置文件） ii.mod_jk.conf的内容如下实例 LoadModule jk_module D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.dll JkLogLevel info JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompatJkWorkersFile D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK/workers.propertiesJkLogFile D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.log JkMount /*.jsp ajp13JkMount /servlet/* ajp13 Alias /test \"E:/Room/testonline2.5/defaultroot\" Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all JkMount /test/servlet/* ajp13JkMount /test/*.jsp ajp13 AllowOverride None deny from all Alias /account \"E:/Room/wsopt/account\" Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all JkMount /account/* ajp13JkMount /account/*.jsp ajp13 AllowOverride None deny from all iii.ajp13工作的配置文件workers.properties描述如下：workers.tomcat.home=%tomcat_home%workers.java.home=%java_home%ps=/worker.list=ajp13worker.ajp13.port=8009worker.ajp13.host=localhostworker.ajp13.type=ajp13worker.ajp13.1bfactor=1参考：# workers.properties -## This file provides jk derived plugins with the needed information to# connect to the different tomcat workers. Note that the distributed# version of this file requires modification before it is usable by a# plugin.## As a general note, the characters $( and ) are used internally to define# macros. Do not use them in your own configuration!!!## Whenever you see a set of lines such as:# x=value# y=$(x) omething## the final value for y will be value omething## Normaly all you will need to do is un-comment and modify the first three# properties, i.e. workers.tomcat_home, workers.java_home and ps.# Most of the configuration is derived from these.## When you are done updating workers.tomcat_home, workers.java_home and ps# you should have 3 workers configured:## - An ajp12 worker that connects to localhost:8007# - An ajp13 worker that connects to localhost:8009# - A jni inprocess worker.# - A load balancer worker## However by default the plugins will only use the ajp12 worker. To have# the plugins use other workers you should modify the worker.list property.## # OPTIONS ( very important for jni mode ) ## workers.tomcat_home should point to the location where you# installed tomcat. This is where you have your conf, webapps and lib# directories.#workers.tomcat_home=C:/Apache Tomcat 4.0 ## workers.java_home should point to your Java installation. Normally# you should have a bin and lib directories beneath it.#workers.java_home=c:/j2se ## You should configure your environment slash... ps=/ on NT and / on UNIX# and maybe something different elsewhere.#ps=/ ##------ ADVANCED MODE ------------------------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ##------ DEFAULT worket list ------------------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------### The workers that your plugins should create and work with## Add \'inprocess\' if you want JNI connector worker.list=ajp13,ajp12# , inprocess ##------ DEFAULT ajp12 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ## Defining a worker named ajp12 and of type ajp12# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.#worker.ajp12.port=8007worker.ajp12.host=localhostworker.ajp12.type=ajp12## Specifies the load balance factor when used with# a load balancing worker.# Note:# ----> lbfactor must be > 0# ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.worker.ajp12.lbfactor=1 ##------ DEFAULT ajp13 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ## Defining a worker named ajp13 and of type ajp13# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.#worker.ajp13.port=8009worker.ajp13.host=localhostworker.ajp13.type=ajp13## Specifies the load balance factor when used with# a load balancing worker.# Note:# ----> lbfactor must be > 0# ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.worker.ajp13.lbfactor=1 ## Specify the size of the open connection cache.#worker.ajp13.cachesize ##------ DEFAULT LOAD BALANCER WORKER DEFINITION ----------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ## The loadbalancer (type lb) workers perform wighted round-robin# load balancing with sticky sessions.# Note:# ----> If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state# once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer# workers.worker.loadbalancer.type=lbworker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=ajp13,ajp12 ##------ DEFAULT JNI WORKER DEFINITION---------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ## Defining a worker named inprocess and of type jni# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.#worker.inprocess.type=jni ##------ CLASSPATH DEFINITION -----------------------------------------#---------------------------------------------------------------------# ## Additional class path components.#worker.inprocess.class_path=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)lib$(ps)tomcat.jar ## Setting the command line for tomcat. # Note: The cmd_line string may not contain spaces.#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=start # Not needed, but can be customized.#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=-config#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)conf$(ps)server.xml#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=-home#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=$(workers.tomcat_home) ## The JVM that we are about to use## This is for Java2## Windowsworker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)bin$(ps)client$(ps)jvm.dll# IBM JDK1.3 #worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)bin$(ps)classic$(ps)libjvm.so# Unix - Sun VM or blackdown#worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)lib$(ps)i386$(ps)client$(ps)libjvm.so ## And this is for jdk1.1.X##worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)bin$(ps)javai.dll ## Setting the place for the stdout and stderr of tomcat#worker.inprocess.stdout=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stdoutworker.inprocess.stderr=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stderr ## Setting the tomcat.home Java property##worker.inprocess.sysprops=tomcat.home=$(workers.tomcat_home) ## Java system properties## worker.inprocess.sysprops=java.compiler=NONE# worker.inprocess.sysprops=myprop=mypropvalue ## Additional path components.## worker.inprocess.ld_path=d:$(ps)SQLLIB$(ps)bin# iv.在tomcat的主配置文件server.xml中加入以下内容:在中加入ajp13服务的请求监听器： 在中加入ajp13主机的监听器： v. 另外要检查tomcat是否启动了ajp13服务，如果没有启动，要在tomcat主配置文件中加入启动该服务的描述： iii.注意：apache的要与tomcat的一一对应。3． 数据存储环境数据存储环境采用MySQL, 该数据库具有速度快，sql标准等特点。可以采用两种方式与之建立连接关系，即odbc和jdbc，前者是比较成熟的，而jdbc却会导致汉字乱码，原因是该数据库没有默认的字符集，仅在应用服务器上建立odbc数据源是可以接受的。4． 该平台所需的文件列表如下：a) mod_jk.dllb) MyODBC-3.51.04.exec) j2sdk-1_4_1-windows-i586.exed) apache_2.0.40-win32-x86-no_ssl.exee) mysql-max-3.23.52-win.zipf) mysqlgui-win32-static-1.7.5-2.zipg) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14.ziph) JBossEntWizard3x_v2.2.1_JBuilder7.zipi) jboss-3.0.0_tomcat-4.0.3.zip二．平台应用程序部署1. Web应用程序部署a) Web应用程序打包（.war）后放入%jboss_home%/server/default/deploy下，系统将能够自动部署，虚拟目录名就是包名；b) 把打包文件解压到一特定文件夹，在阿帕奇的主配置文件中加入一个新的、别名与jboss的虚拟目录相同的虚拟目录（真实目录指向解压后的特定文件夹）2. 企业应用程序部署a) 在JBuilder中，同一个项目下建立ejb应用程序；b) 配置ejb的jndi名；c) 配置web应用程序的ejb属性，即ejb-ref-name, ejb-ref-link, ejb-home, ejb-remote;d) 新建一企业应用程序（.ear），并编译之；e) 部署企业应用程序（.ear）。f) 这时，web应用程序的上下文为根。三．实例程序：JBossTest, 一个登录的演示。
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