Eclipse快速上手Hibernate--5. 组件映射
类别: JAVA教程 
这篇文章主要说的是在Hibernate中的组件（Component）映射，可以参考Hibernate官方文档的第7章。至于环境设置，可以参考这个系列的前面几篇文章。 1. 创建项目 · 新建一个Java项目：ComponentMapping，注意选中“创建单独的源文件夹和输出文件夹”，同时添加“用户库”：hibernate。 2. 编写类文件 · 新建一个类，包名：javamxj.hibernate.component，类名：Person。
Person.java
/* * Hibernate - 组件（Component）映射 * 创建日期 2005-4-10 * @author javamxj（分享java快乐） * @link Blog: htpp://javamxj.mblogger.cn * htpp://blog.csdn.net/javamxj/ */package javamxj.hibernate.component;/** * @hibernate.class */public class Person { private Long id; private String username; private Address address; /** * @hibernate.id * generator-class="hilo" * unsaved-value="null" */ public Long getId() {return id;} public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;} /** * @hibernate.property * length="15" * unique="true" * not-null="true" */ public String getUsername() {return username;} public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;} /** * @hibernate.component */ public Address getAddress() {return address;} public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address;}}
· Person类调用了Address类，注意在“getAddress()”方法上的“ @hibernate.component”标记。 · Address类只含有一些“ @hibernate.property”标记，没有将其独立映射为一个表。
Address.java
package javamxj.hibernate.component;public class Address { private String country; private String city; private String street; private String zipCode; public Address() {} public Address(String country, String city, String street, String zipcode) { super(); this.country = country; this.city = city; this.street = street; this.zipCode = zipcode; } /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getCity() {return city;} public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getCountry() {return country;} public void setCountry(String country) {this.country = country;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "6" */ public String getZipCode() {return zipCode;} public void setZipCode(String number) {this.zipCode = number;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getStreet() {return street;} public void setStreet(String street) {this.street = street;} public String toString(){ return ("居住在"+ country + city+"市"+ street+"区" + "/n/t邮政编码: "+ zipCode); }}
3. 运行任务 · 复制《Eclipse快速上手Hibernate--4. 继承映射(1)》文中的build.xml到项目目录下。· 双击“generate-hbm”任务，会发现在包中多了一个Animal.hbm.xml文件，在src目录下会多了一个hibernate.cfg.xml文件，如果没有，按F5键刷新一下。
Person.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 2.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping> <class name="javamxj.hibernate.component.Person" dynamic-update="false" dynamic-insert="false" select-before-update="false" optimistic-lock="version" > <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Long" unsaved-value="null" > <generator class="hilo"> <!-- To add non XDoclet generator parameters, create a file named hibernate-generator-params-Person.xml containing the additional parameters and place it in your merge dir. --> </generator> </id> <property name="username" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="username" length="15" not-null="true" unique="true" /> <component name="address" class="javamxj.hibernate.component.Address" > <property name="city" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="city" length="12" /> <property name="country" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="country" length="12" /> <property name="zipCode" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="zipCode" length="6" /> <property name="street" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="street" length="12" /> </component> <!-- To add non XDoclet property mappings, create a file named hibernate-properties-Person.xml containing the additional properties and place it in your merge dir. --> </class></hibernate-mapping>
· 运行MySql服务器，然后双击“schemaexport”任务，在项目根目录下，会产生一个“schema-export.sql”文件。schema-export.sql
drop table if exists Persondrop table if exists hibernate_unique_keycreate table Person ( id bigint not null, username varchar(15) not null unique, city varchar(12), country varchar(12), zipCode varchar(6), street varchar(12), primary key (id))create table hibernate_unique_key ( next_hi integer )insert into hibernate_unique_key values ( 0 )
· 切换到数据库中，会发现已经自动产生了数据表Person 5. 测试程序 ● 这一次不同于前面的几个实例，这次先实现一个HibernateUtil辅助类，用来管理Hibernate的Session，这样测试类的代码就比较简单了，可以参考Hibernate官方文档的第1章。 · 新建一个类，包名：javamxj.hibernate.util，类名：HibernateUtil，代码如下：
HibernateUtil.java
package javamxj.hibernate.util;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;import net.sf.hibernate.Session;import net.sf.hibernate.SessionFactory;import net.sf.hibernate.Transaction;import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;public class HibernateUtil { private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class); private static SessionFactory sessionFactory; private static final ThreadLocal threadSession = new ThreadLocal(); private static final ThreadLocal threadTransaction = new ThreadLocal(); public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { if (sessionFactory == null) { try { // Create the SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure() .buildSessionFactory(); } catch (HibernateException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("Configuration problem: " + ex.getMessage(), ex); } } return sessionFactory; } public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException { Session s = (Session) threadSession.get(); // Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet if (s == null) { s = getSessionFactory().openSession(); log.debug("###Opening new Session for this thread:" + s); threadSession.set(s); } else { log.debug("###Session was existed:" + s); } return s; } public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException { Session s = (Session) threadSession.get(); threadSession.set(null); if (s != null) { log.debug("###Closing Session of this thread. " + s); s.close(); } } public static void beginTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { if (tx == null) { tx = currentSession().beginTransaction(); log.debug("###Starting new database transaction in this thread:"+ tx); threadTransaction.set(tx); } else { log.debug("###Tx was existed:" + tx); } } catch (HibernateException ex) { throw ex; } } public static void commitTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { if (tx != null && !tx.wasCommitted() && !tx.wasRolledBack()) { log.debug("###Committing database transaction of this thread."); tx.commit(); } threadTransaction.set(null); } catch (HibernateException ex) { rollbackTransaction(); throw ex; } } public static void rollbackTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { threadTransaction.set(null); if (tx != null && !tx.wasCommitted() && !tx.wasRolledBack()) { log.debug("###Tyring to rollback database transaction of this thread."); tx.rollback(); } } catch (HibernateException ex) { throw ex; } finally { closeSession(); } }}
· 好了，然后在包javamxj.hibernate.component下新建一个ComponentDemo.java类。
ComponentDemo.java
package javamxj.hibernate.component;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import javamxj.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;import net.sf.hibernate.Session;public class ComponentDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { try { new ComponentDemo(); } catch (HibernateException he) { he.printStackTrace(); } } public ComponentDemo() throws HibernateException { Session sess = HibernateUtil.currentSession(); Person p = new Person(); p.setAddress(new Address("中国", "上海", "普陀", "200055")); p.setUsername("JavaMXJ"); sess.save(p); p = new Person(); p.setAddress(new Address("中国", "北京", "海淀", "100086")); p.setUsername("张三"); sess.save(p); List animals = sess.find("from " + Person.class.getName()); for (Iterator it = animals.iterator(); it.hasNext();) { Person person = (Person) it.next(); System.out.println(person.getUsername() + ":" + person.getAddress()); } HibernateUtil.closeSession(); }}
· 运行这个类，控制台输出如下： · 同时，数据表中生成如下数据： · 最后的项目结构如下：
Person.java
/* * Hibernate - 组件（Component）映射 * 创建日期 2005-4-10 * @author javamxj（分享java快乐） * @link Blog: htpp://javamxj.mblogger.cn * htpp://blog.csdn.net/javamxj/ */package javamxj.hibernate.component;/** * @hibernate.class */public class Person { private Long id; private String username; private Address address; /** * @hibernate.id * generator-class="hilo" * unsaved-value="null" */ public Long getId() {return id;} public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;} /** * @hibernate.property * length="15" * unique="true" * not-null="true" */ public String getUsername() {return username;} public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;} /** * @hibernate.component */ public Address getAddress() {return address;} public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address;}}
· Person类调用了Address类，注意在“getAddress()”方法上的“ @hibernate.component”标记。 · Address类只含有一些“ @hibernate.property”标记，没有将其独立映射为一个表。
Address.java
package javamxj.hibernate.component;public class Address { private String country; private String city; private String street; private String zipCode; public Address() {} public Address(String country, String city, String street, String zipcode) { super(); this.country = country; this.city = city; this.street = street; this.zipCode = zipcode; } /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getCity() {return city;} public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getCountry() {return country;} public void setCountry(String country) {this.country = country;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "6" */ public String getZipCode() {return zipCode;} public void setZipCode(String number) {this.zipCode = number;} /** * @hibernate.property * length = "12" */ public String getStreet() {return street;} public void setStreet(String street) {this.street = street;} public String toString(){ return ("居住在"+ country + city+"市"+ street+"区" + "/n/t邮政编码: "+ zipCode); }}
3. 运行任务 · 复制《Eclipse快速上手Hibernate--4. 继承映射(1)》文中的build.xml到项目目录下。· 双击“generate-hbm”任务，会发现在包中多了一个Animal.hbm.xml文件，在src目录下会多了一个hibernate.cfg.xml文件，如果没有，按F5键刷新一下。
Person.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 2.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping> <class name="javamxj.hibernate.component.Person" dynamic-update="false" dynamic-insert="false" select-before-update="false" optimistic-lock="version" > <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Long" unsaved-value="null" > <generator class="hilo"> <!-- To add non XDoclet generator parameters, create a file named hibernate-generator-params-Person.xml containing the additional parameters and place it in your merge dir. --> </generator> </id> <property name="username" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="username" length="15" not-null="true" unique="true" /> <component name="address" class="javamxj.hibernate.component.Address" > <property name="city" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="city" length="12" /> <property name="country" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="country" length="12" /> <property name="zipCode" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="zipCode" length="6" /> <property name="street" type="java.lang.String" update="true" insert="true" access="property" column="street" length="12" /> </component> <!-- To add non XDoclet property mappings, create a file named hibernate-properties-Person.xml containing the additional properties and place it in your merge dir. --> </class></hibernate-mapping>
· 运行MySql服务器，然后双击“schemaexport”任务，在项目根目录下，会产生一个“schema-export.sql”文件。schema-export.sql
drop table if exists Persondrop table if exists hibernate_unique_keycreate table Person ( id bigint not null, username varchar(15) not null unique, city varchar(12), country varchar(12), zipCode varchar(6), street varchar(12), primary key (id))create table hibernate_unique_key ( next_hi integer )insert into hibernate_unique_key values ( 0 )
· 切换到数据库中，会发现已经自动产生了数据表Person 5. 测试程序 ● 这一次不同于前面的几个实例，这次先实现一个HibernateUtil辅助类，用来管理Hibernate的Session，这样测试类的代码就比较简单了，可以参考Hibernate官方文档的第1章。 · 新建一个类，包名：javamxj.hibernate.util，类名：HibernateUtil，代码如下：
HibernateUtil.java
package javamxj.hibernate.util;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;import net.sf.hibernate.Session;import net.sf.hibernate.SessionFactory;import net.sf.hibernate.Transaction;import net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;public class HibernateUtil { private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HibernateUtil.class); private static SessionFactory sessionFactory; private static final ThreadLocal threadSession = new ThreadLocal(); private static final ThreadLocal threadTransaction = new ThreadLocal(); public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { if (sessionFactory == null) { try { // Create the SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure() .buildSessionFactory(); } catch (HibernateException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("Configuration problem: " + ex.getMessage(), ex); } } return sessionFactory; } public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException { Session s = (Session) threadSession.get(); // Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet if (s == null) { s = getSessionFactory().openSession(); log.debug("###Opening new Session for this thread:" + s); threadSession.set(s); } else { log.debug("###Session was existed:" + s); } return s; } public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException { Session s = (Session) threadSession.get(); threadSession.set(null); if (s != null) { log.debug("###Closing Session of this thread. " + s); s.close(); } } public static void beginTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { if (tx == null) { tx = currentSession().beginTransaction(); log.debug("###Starting new database transaction in this thread:"+ tx); threadTransaction.set(tx); } else { log.debug("###Tx was existed:" + tx); } } catch (HibernateException ex) { throw ex; } } public static void commitTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { if (tx != null && !tx.wasCommitted() && !tx.wasRolledBack()) { log.debug("###Committing database transaction of this thread."); tx.commit(); } threadTransaction.set(null); } catch (HibernateException ex) { rollbackTransaction(); throw ex; } } public static void rollbackTransaction() throws HibernateException { Transaction tx = (Transaction) threadTransaction.get(); try { threadTransaction.set(null); if (tx != null && !tx.wasCommitted() && !tx.wasRolledBack()) { log.debug("###Tyring to rollback database transaction of this thread."); tx.rollback(); } } catch (HibernateException ex) { throw ex; } finally { closeSession(); } }}
· 好了，然后在包javamxj.hibernate.component下新建一个ComponentDemo.java类。
ComponentDemo.java
package javamxj.hibernate.component;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import javamxj.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;import net.sf.hibernate.Session;public class ComponentDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { try { new ComponentDemo(); } catch (HibernateException he) { he.printStackTrace(); } } public ComponentDemo() throws HibernateException { Session sess = HibernateUtil.currentSession(); Person p = new Person(); p.setAddress(new Address("中国", "上海", "普陀", "200055")); p.setUsername("JavaMXJ"); sess.save(p); p = new Person(); p.setAddress(new Address("中国", "北京", "海淀", "100086")); p.setUsername("张三"); sess.save(p); List animals = sess.find("from " + Person.class.getName()); for (Iterator it = animals.iterator(); it.hasNext();) { Person person = (Person) it.next(); System.out.println(person.getUsername() + ":" + person.getAddress()); } HibernateUtil.closeSession(); }}
· 运行这个类，控制台输出如下： · 同时，数据表中生成如下数据： · 最后的项目结构如下：
